The State and the Soldier

America’sÂFounding Fathers feared that a standing army would be a permanent political danger, yet the U.S. military has in the 250 years since become a bulwark of democracy. Kori Schake explains why in this compelling history of civil-military relations from independence to the challenges of the present. The book begins with General Washington's vital foundationalÂexample of subordination to elected leaders during the Revolutionary War. Schake recounts numerous instancesÂin the following century when charismatic military leaders tried to challenge political leaders and explains the emergence of restrictions on uses of the military forÂdomestic law enforcement. She explores the crucial struggle between President Andrew JohnsonÂand Congress after Lincoln’s assassination, when Ulysses Grant had to choose whether to obey the Commander-in-Chief or the law – and chose to obey the law. And she shows how the professionalization of the military in the twentieth century inculcated norms of civilian control. The U.S. military is historically anomalous for maintaining its strength and popularity while never becoming a threat to democracy. Schake concludes by asking if its admirable record can be sustained when the public is pulling the military into the political divisions of our time.